Formative and Summative Assessments both do the following:

• A. Assess Learning
• B. Provide feedback to the learner and instructor
• C. Evaluate the Instructional System
• D. Require questions/problems at correct proficiency level

Answer: (A)

Formative and summative assessments are both designed to evaluate learners' understanding and progress. They serve as tools to gauge how well learners are acquiring knowledge and skills throughout their educational journey. Formative assessments are typically conducted during the learning process and are used to inform instruction and help refine learning strategies. Summative assessments, on the other hand, take place at the end of an instructional unit to evaluate overall student learning and determine whether educational goals have been met.

While both types of assessments assess learning, the other options have specific purposes that do not fully encompass the roles of both formative and summative assessments. For instance, providing feedback to the learner and instructor can be more characteristic of formative assessments, as they are more focused on ongoing improvement. Evaluating the instructional system is generally a broader concept that encompasses various evaluation tools rather than being specific to the assessments mentioned. Lastly, requiring questions or problems at the correct proficiency level pertains more to the design of assessments rather than their core function of assessing learning. Thus, the option that specifically captures a fundamental purpose of both formative and summative assessments is assessing learning.